Its role supporting tank and motor rifle regiments, and Soviet doctrine from the Great Patriotic War, suggest that while indirect fire was the primary role, direct fire anti-tank was very important. Military requirements that led to the D-30 can only be deduced. The D-30 also replaced the remaining 76 mm M1942 guns in motor rifle regiments. Development of the D-30 began in the 1950s, as a replacement for the M-30 howitzer, widely used in divisional and regimental artilleries. The 122 mm (originally 48 lines) calibre was adopted by Russia in the early 20th century, becoming very important to Soviet artillery during the Second World War. The Syrian conversion utilizes the hull of a T-34 tank. There are also Egyptian, Chinese, Serbian and Syrian self-propelled variants and conversions. The barrel assembly of the 2A18 gun is used by the 2S1 self-propelled howitzer. Although no longer manufactured in the nations of the former Soviet Union, the D-30 is still manufactured internationally and is in service in more than 60 countries' armed forces. With its striking three-leg mounting, the D-30 can be rapidly traversed through 360 degrees. The D-30 has a maximum range of 15.4 kilometers, or over 21 km using rocket-assisted projectile ammunition.
It is a robust piece that focuses on the essential features of a towed field gun suitable for all conditions.
The 122-mm howitzer D-30 ( GRAU index 2A18) is a Soviet howitzer that first entered service in 1960. Soviet Union and allies as well as nonaligned and post-Soviet states.
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